What type of error occurs when the program is being executed?

A run-time error occurs during the execution of a program, indicating that there is an issue that prevents the program from continuing to run as expected. This type of error can arise from various conditions, such as attempting to divide by zero, accessing an array out of its bounds, or trying to open a file that doesn't exist. Unlike syntax errors that are identified during the compilation process, run-time errors only manifest when the specific problematic line of code is executed.

In contrast to other types of errors, such as logic errors—which stem from flaws in the program's logic leading to incorrect output—and syntax errors, where the code is not correctly structured, run-time errors are unique in that they only become apparent when the program is actively running and encounters an unexpected situation. Understanding how run-time errors work is crucial for debugging and improving code, as these types of errors often require careful examination of the flow and state of the program during execution.